jueves, 1 de diciembre de 2016

CRYSTAL QUEEN PROJECT I - THE STORY

THE CRYSTAL QUEEN

My present-day Snow Queen retelling will be the basis for this year's Advent calendar; character designs, inspiration, music, a playlist, a dreamcast, fashion...

She's walked through fire and ice in black tennis shoes, burning rubber in her wake for as long as she can remember. And why? 
For HIS sake. 
Life had been a bed of roses, even before their university years. Both were only children, classmates since kindergarten, so close friends that their relationship had grown strong as a blood tie. 
As they sat down by the frog pond to rest after class, the lady in white, careening through campus in her convertible, looked through her bug-eyed 60s glasses at Kai, as he sat there feeding the fish and quoting Shakespeare to his sweetheart. The next day, he found an invitation in his backpack --to the new in club on campus-- Gerda told him not to go, yet her bed stayed cold and empty that night. 
The lady in white was at the club right then. She laced Kai's drink with sky blue crystals that filled him with such excitement that nothing else mattered. The next day, Gerda realized he had become even more awkward, shying away from her and from the sun, from Shakespeare and Voltaire, from the frogs and fish, his ice-blue eyes glazed. 
That afternoon, the lady welcomed the drugged young man into her convertible with the promise of more of the blue crystals. And he readily accepted, half in trance half unconscious. 
And it was Kai's disappearance that sparked Gerda's quest. 
Her time with the flower children, still living as if the revolution were going on, is already far behind her. Half a year idda-gadda-da vida, until the weed left her system and that song by the Four... in the S-Kai with Diamonds... reawoke her memories. None of the stoners could tell her anything about her beau: each of them lived in their own octopus's garden in the shade. 
The next stop, at the country club... maybe the blond young man playing the mixed doubles match with that lovely and intelligent socialite was Kai? No. Not every blond tennis player is Kai; Edmund was a bit taller, more slender, honey-eyed and left-handed, while Kai was a blue-eyed righty. The reveal, having snuck in as a ball girl during the match, hit Gerda as hard as her fake prince's serve. Still, the kindness of Edmund and his Lucy, who supplied her with a golf cart and oodles of power bars, convinced her that people were good in the wide world. 
However, the cart was soon overcome, and Gerda taken prisoner, by a gang of bikers. The gorilla man and the orangutan man both wanted to shove her into their sleeping bags, but the leader's mercy saved her life. Asha, tall, dark, and sadistic yet with a heart of gold, heard Gerda's story being all ears, as she enjoyed in her dominatrix fantasies with the young blonde. Asha told her of the queen of crystal, of her fortress in a railway car in the middle of nowhere, of how she herself had been a thrall to the drug but her strength made her snap out of it. 
"Only you can save him. I know you will", Asha said as she gave Gerda her own motorbike, while the thugs were sleeping off their drinks. 
Now, after all these trials, she is standing before the railway car, she enters... the Queen is gone, Kai deeply unconscious, before a table in the crystal lab, vials of blue liquid suspended in his left and right hand. 
Gerda calls his name, shakes his shoulders, but he does not react. Quickly, she turns the Bunsen burner on, smashes one of the vials against it, and runs out with her lover in her arms as the railway car explodes. 
Kai awakens, looks left and right, is reassured by the twinkles in her green eyes. His right hand in her left, they seem to have awakened from a dream as they start southward, homeward, once more. 
The tennis players are on their honeymoon. Asha wonders if Kai is really worth going to the ends of the Earth for as she looks wistfully at Gerda. 
Back on campus, they sit down by the lily pond once more and finally, as children at heart, understand the words of Shakespeare: 
"TONGUES IN TREES, BOOKS IN THE RUNNING BROOKS, SERMONS IN STONES, AND GOOD IN EVERYTHING". 
And thus we leave them, in the summer of youth, as children at heart; ere disenchantment enters their lives.

miércoles, 30 de noviembre de 2016

REACTIONS FOR "THE CRYSTAL QUEEN"



Submitted by Emma Robertson
To what extent has the author demonstrated knowledge and understanding of Hans Christian Andersen and his fairy tales and offered new insight into the topicality and cross cultural relevance of these? 
Sandra this is a really wonderful re-telling of The Snow Queen. I love how you've brought it into a modern context but kept it very trippy with lots of references to 60s pop culture. The intertwining of Shakespeare is very cleverly done. You show in-depth knowledge of the fairy tale and have updated it nicely. 
To what extent are the author’s reflections clear and coherent 
Your reflections are clear and coherent. The only thing that I would suggest is that you need to lengthen this fairy tale as we are bouncing too quickly from scene to scene. Remember the original is about 16 pages long. Although you have simplified the seven stories and totally removed the first background story, there just isn't enough of the scene set. That being said, it's a great ride! I love your re-working of the characters and the more adult theme you have given it. I like the fact that throughout, the idea of childhood is more of a 60s hippy idea than an actual stage of development. 
To what extent has the author provided evidence to support his/her analysis? 
As this is a re-worked fairy tale, you haven't technically provided evidence. However, you have included many themes and references in a competent and engaging manner. A thoroughly enjoyable read, thank you!

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Submitted by
To what extent has the author demonstrated knowledge and understanding of Hans Christian Andersen and his fairy tales and offered new insight into the topicality and cross cultural relevance of these? 
quite a lot 
To what extent are the author’s reflections clear and coherent 
her own twist on it very funny well done 
To what extent has the author provided evidence to support his/her analysis? 
same as the others 
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Submitted by
To what extent has the author demonstrated knowledge and understanding of Hans Christian Andersen and his fairy tales and offered new insight into the topicality and cross cultural relevance of these? 
Anyone who can parody HCA in the brilliant way that you have done, Sandra. There is lot of cross-cultural reference here and the topicality is spot on. 
To what extent are the author’s reflections clear and coherent 
There's no smoke in the class because it's just been clean and is sparklingly clean. 
To what extent has the author provided evidence to support his/her analysis? 
For evidence you rely on Shakespeare if I haven understood you. I am full of admiration. Are you the next HCA? 

martes, 29 de noviembre de 2016

UPON OUR SKIN

Upon Our Skin

Chapter Text

brothers born
The brothers were different, later Cressen would say “as all brothers are”.  They were all born with blue eyes and a mop of black hair, but their marks, the marks of a family and sibling bond were not as similar as one might expect.  Robert, first-born and heir to Storm’s End was a loud and bawling babe with the stag of the Baratheons stretched across his right forearm as dark as his hair, proud for all to see.  It was only after holding the babe, his babe that Steffon realised he had a small matching mark on the inside of his wrist to match his son’s.  Cassana too had a match, though hers was discrete above her left hip, and the happy parents would always smile as they danced and those paired marks would meet. 
Stannis the second-born had two stags, one behind each elbow, though easy to spot on his pale baby skin they were the gray of ghosts, they were faint and in a position awkward for the boy to ever see himself.  They didn’t match either, not each other, with the right slightly larger and darker, and the left a stag with antlers more petite, and not the marks of his parents.  Steffon had another stag on his wrist, it was the same paler shade, but the shape was almost identical to the mark for Robert.  The same held true for Cassana when she noticed the extra stag upon her hip.  It was only later they noticed the tiny green sea turtle hidden behind his left ear, the same as Cassana’s, she too was born with hers.
Years later Cassana and Steffon found they had their final stag, a circle of three.   Renly was born with his stag prancing  across his right clavicle towards his neck, it reminded Cassana of her growing bond, the two prongs that grew and itched across her clavicles  and confirmed a love she had dreamed of.  It was Steffon’s mark that sealed the marriage though, a green sea turtle that covered the back of his right hand, there was little at all to interpret.  Growth marks were used for marriages and alliances, they looked the same as family bonds when finished but they itched and stung and hurt, they were not meant to be ignored.
They were though, more often than not.  Because marriage is not about love or happiness or even the will of the gods, it’s about security for the family and their name, advancement through the ranks of the gentry.  The maesters or septons and septas interpreted the marks to please their holders, to reassure them and offer the illusion that they are destined to be happy.  Not all had growth marks and for most that did they were vague; such as a flower that happens to be fair maiden’s favourite and a horse with colouring similar to the knight’s, or mayhaps the knight’s first horse,
- do you not remember the horse you had once, it looked like this, did it not?
- Aye, how could I forget?
- It is destined my love, the gods themselves agree, we are blessed

robert
 There were few with marks so clear and obvious as Steffon’s sea turtle, but the splodge of green with flippers could not be mistaken for anything else.  It was the same for Robert, he was but ten and six when the black direwolf began to grow across his chest, his mark the same as he; large, obvious and proud for all to see.  It was clear enough for Rickard Stark, the Northern folk held the marks in higher esteem than their southern counterparts, a potential match was only considered after an interpretation.  But this sign was enough that Stark did not wait for his daughter’s own mark to agree to a betrothal, why when there could be no other meaning?
It was soon after that Robert met Ned Stark in the Vale, foster brothers under the tutelage of Jon Arryn.  The two betrothed hardly met, hardly knew one another, though Robert showed the mark at the first opportunity and Lyanna for all her hopes of love and future happiness with the man that Ned assured her was the best man he knew…She felt nothing.  There was no burst of emotion, no thrill that over whelmed her, the tales and songs told so oft had lied.  He was charming though, and she found herself thinking that if she were to have a pair of antlers grow along her along her clavicles like his lady mother it would not be such a bad thing. 

Then there was Harrenhal and the disappearance of Lyanna, with rumours that her mark had started growing, that Rhaegar fancied it was a dragon.  Brandon with his howling wolf and his splash of water across his torso and left shoulder were burnt alive, nothing to the flames that consumed his father.

Robert fought, he fought Rhaegar and ended him, ended the man with the stars on his chest and the small dragon across his shoulder.  But there was no relief from the ache in his chest, the ache on his chest.  He raged against the family that caused the grief, he raged against his family for failing him, and found he’d nothing but rage left.  Ned had gone back North to his wife and family with his sister’s body and the child that he’d fathered, two babes to Robert’s heavy crown and painful chair.  Soon enough though, there was a marriage, and a babe, but not the ones that anyone had really desired.  He’d ordered the marriage, Arryn the man who looked at him like a son before but now had only pity in his eyes had advised this, this joining of houses between Baratheon and Florent.  The Tyrells would still have their power and Robert their loyalty, whilst the Florents expected the Lord of Stormlands through their grandson in return for their support. 
It didn’t turn out that way.
A son was born, but not to Selyse and Stannis, who was given Dragonstone not the Stormlands, instead to Delena.  Edric Storm, and Robert knows it’s another of his because another piece of the stag growing on his arm comes, the right antler joining the left and the two eyes.  It’s a strange and fragmented mark, and he had worried when the eye first appeared that Lyanna would disapprove, she had said nothing though it was clear enough for her to see when he showed her the wolf on his chest.  Cersei though, she scowled and scratched at it and hated all sixteen pieces that took to form it.  She hated it almost as much as the wolf.
He was betrothed again without quite realising it, for his behaviour didn’t change, he whored and drank and hoped that maybe someone else would do the king business.  Arryn was good at it, Stannis was good at it too even if he had ridiculous ideas like banning the whore houses.  Renly too was learning, though who from Robert knew not, the boy’s mannerisms and behaviour was from no father figure Robert had ever known and even further from Stannis.
Cersei was adorned in lions, regal and roaring, she had two birth lions she told him, and then one for each child.  He oft wondered where his children were on his own body, she told him they were on his head hidden in his hair, perhaps if he became more like Stannis perhaps others would see the lions there too.  Pycelle interpreted them, the position he told him was to show how they were always in his thoughts, his greatest concern were his children that’s why they were on his head.  Of course Robert nodded, it wasn’t true though, the thoughts he had most were where he could see them, and feel them.

It still hurt.
It would always hurt.
When the boar pierced through his skin, slashing the wolf, for all the pain, there was relief.

stannis
He envied Robert’s stag so clear upon his forearm.  Though his mother oft rubbed his ear and told him of the green sea turtle that hid behind there, Stannis wished that he too could have a stag where he could actually see it and where others could see it too, he was proud to be a Baratheon.  He asked Maester Cressen once why he had three birthmarks, the Maester looked at him and hummed and ahhed but could not give the answer, or at least one that satisfied him.  It was only later when Renly was born that it started to make sense to Stannis, he the middle brother had one for each.

He stood with Robert upon the parapet as the ship was torn apart by the waves, Renly was crying somewhere in the castle the Maester and the nurse tending to him.  It was stormy and the wind was violent, they’d been told even in good weather it was not a safe place to be, they had to be careful, to hold tight and not lean near the edge.  He stood there with Robert who roared and shouted and stamped his feet, gripping Stannis’ hand so tightly that it went numb and he just stood there, not saying a word.
Watching. His head filled with noise.
He didn’t hear a word Robert said, but it wasn’t the sound of the storm, it was the waves he heard, the only sound was the ocean fillings his parents’ screams.

It started during the siege, the prickling upon his shoulder blade, another place he could not see, he told no one, not even the maester, Cressen would only be too happy to interpret the mark and find Stannis his fated.  But he had done without the gods for six years, he wasn’t about to start again now.
The burning and prickling persisted and worsened, it was almost a welcome feeling to distract from the aching hunger in his stomach.  He was more irritable he knew, though it could just have easily been the hunger, that hunger that drove good men to treachery and wise men to consider the unthinkable.  It was the sailor-smuggler that saved them with his salted fish and his onions, it was such a relief, to sleep without the aches and pains of starvation.  Recovery was slow, and rations were still scarce but they made it through the siege and the war when Ned Stark and his men eventually came to force the Tyrell men down.  It had been a bloodless battle, or near enough when Stannis considered Davos’ left hand, he thought of the people of Storm’s End, his people.  Yes, a bloodless battle, but you would not have known from the number of dead.

Robert ordered his marriage to Selyse before the mark had finished growing, continuing its painful itch across his shoulder blade.  Stannis never told his brother of the mark, Robert had never thought he needed to ask.  He worried what it was, that all the people would see it at the bedding, see this part of him that even he did not know.  He thought little of the gods and their whims, but there were others who would care, who might even at the bedding halt the marriage and demand an interpretation. 
He feared what this mark might do to jeopardise his duty. 
He needn’t have worried.
By the close of that day, even Selyse had not seen the mark.

It finished growing in time and it did not hurt as much as he’d heard ignored marks were wont to do.  He’d near forgotten the mark, the ache it caused had dulled same as the hunger he’d once had, though he felt it sometimes it was near nothing to before.   It was during the Greyjoy rebellion that Davos brought it to the forefront of his mind, he had a cut to his back, superficial but the man insisted that if he were not to go to a maester he would at least let his most trusted man check for himself. 
With disgruntled reluctance Stannis removed his undershirt and forgot completely the mark that once prickled his skin.
Davos gasped despite himself “A ship?”
“Aye” Stannis replied as though this was nothing new, he winced as his skin stung where Davos’ fingers traced the mark.
“I’m sorry, I forgot myself, m’lord”
“The cut, Davos, how fares the wound?” Stannis snaps, he’s in pain that has nothing to do with battle.

Davos brings Maester Cressen, and he tells himself because it’s the wound that needs attending to, but another part of him knows had it not been for the ship with script so familiar, yet to himself unintelligible, he would have let Stannis be stubborn.  But his curiosity wins, and the Maester struggles to hide his surprise and hurt that this is something Stannis has not shared with him.  He tends to the wound in near silence, only to apologise for the pain he causes and admonishing Stannis for not having the sense to see him immediately.  He mutters something to the stubborn man who grits his teeth and mutters a reply, their voices too low for Davos to make out,
As he leaves he beckons Davos to him, quietly he thanks him, “Take care of him, Davos, you are more important to him than you will ever know.”  He says it as though Stannis should not hear these parting words, but looking back to the dark haired man with the ship now half covered in bandages, he knows that Stannis heard it all, he had the strangest feeling that the words meant more to Stannis than he could understand himself.

Stannis continues to ignore the gods, he has no time for them and remains unaffected, but the mark it still prickles and aches. 
He tells himself he’s ignoring that too, that it would make no difference.

But he’s glad for the prickle, he fears for the day when it might stop and there’d be only an ache.

renly
He’s the youngest of three, but he might as well be an only child for all the attention the household pays him.  And Renly adores it, knowing that he’s loved, by the cook who sneaks him extra sweets, by the nurse who sings him songs of summer and the tailor who makes him clothes that would be fit for a prince.  It is not what he wants though.
He wants Stannis to laugh with him and smile at his enactments, he wants Robert to come home and to stay home and teach him to use the war hammer that he talks of and he wants the parents he’s never known to tell him how proud they are, how much he’s grown.
Robert promises a great many things, he promises Renly a sister he will love, he promises to teach him as their father had, he promises to keep Renly safe.  He promises again before he leaves to fight.  By the time Renly is master of laws he’s learnt the weight of Robert’s promises.
They live through a war, Stannis and he and the household.  But it is nothing like the battles in the tales, there’s no thrill and glory.  Only hunger and sadness.  He sees Stannis training in the yard with determined regularity and he’s good, second only to Robert and his warhammer they say, but there will be no glory for Stannis, there is nothing the sword can do against the battalion that lays in wait outside their gates.  When Renly trains he holds the sword with distaste, it is not his weapon of choice.
It’s a common man who saves them.  For all his gratitude for the food Renly cannot help but wish that the man had thought to bring fresh fruit, sweet fruit like grapes and apples and peaches.  He holds his tongue though at the sight of Stannis and Cressen who tell him the news, the old man is frail but he’s smiling as though the fish and onions might be the best food in the world and Stannis doesn’t smile, he hasn’t in so long, but there’s relief.  Renly knows his brother feared for them, he never said anything though, not to anyone.  For all that Renly said, and he spoke a lot, Stannis said little in return, he spoke with actions and hard looks that required few words.  He had to concentrate when he was younger to understand Stannis, to pay attention to the subtleties that were so easily missed and harder still to interpret.  His brother hardly said when he was pleased or impressed, so Renly took care to make sure he could know despite it.
When they were to meet again in King’s Landing, Renly stopped looking, he didn’t pay attention to the stubborn clench of his brother’s jaw at Robert’s overruling, though the grinding and gnashing of teeth was hard to miss, he didn’t see the short quirk up of Stannis’ lip when he made a worthy suggestion nor hear the sardonic tone in comments levelled at Littlefinger.  No, because he’d decided long ago when Stannis had left him that he no longer cared.

He has a squire in time, though he knows he’s hardly a knight himself.  Loras Tyrell, from Highgarden, Mace Tyrell had suggested it, though Renly knew it was the Grandmother who pushed it forward.  He was loathe to take Loras from Highgarden as he was loathe to leave it himself, he fostered good relations with the family that had stood opposite himself on the battlefield.  He fostered good relations with many families those with and against the great rebellion, he was good with people, good at talking to people, he knew because they told him so themselves. 
A flower blooms on his left shoulder and though he’s ashamed to admit it his first thought was of Margaery.  But he knows the next time he sees Loras and feels the oft described prickle that there is only one explanation.  He both seeks out Loras and avoids him as he waits for the mark to finish growing, he watches to see if Loras too has these feelings, a mark of the stag.  But he cannot have Loras see him, they’re friends, more so than a squire and his Lord have any due to be, and Renly fears, irrationally he knows, what if Loras is not the same?  What if it’s all a grand misunderstanding and it’s Margaery after all?  He knows though, that if Margaery had any sign of a stag there would be no waiting on Mace Tyrell’s part, she would be put forward as Joffrey’s betrothed with little delay, the Tyrells were not subtle in their lust for advancement.
He tries to learn from the songs and histories about the great loves and how one might approach the other.  It’s all man and woman though, all so very simple you make a grand gesture of showing your beloved your mark and with a look of fated recognition they fall into your arms with unrivalled joy.

It’s Loras that makes the first move, they waited, perhaps in a mutual unspoken understanding, until he was knighted, Ser Loras Tyrell one of the best jousters in the land.  Renly wasn’t envious, and he revelled in the attention his handsome knight received, because he knew, that the handsome knight had eyes only for him.

shireen
It wasn’t an easy birth, but at least this time there was reward for all the struggles.  And perhaps Selyse was disappointed that the squalling babe wasn’t a boy like the silent children before her, and maybe she was fearful that her husband might not care for the child, might not care for her.  He did his duty yes, but what duty does a father have to a daughter beyond a convenient betrothal?  She had hoped that this child could help them, that she as his wife would give him the ultimate gift of life of an heir and he in the joys of fatherhood might soften his permanent scowl and speak the sweet words the songs had taught her to expect to hear. 
But she smiled at her daughter, calm and sleeping now as she held her waiting for her husband to arrive and decide upon a name, stroking her soft downy hair already looking the black of her father’s.  The babe had a fox behind her right ear.  “Ears befitting any Florent child” Selyse thought sadly as she remembered the teasing she had endured as a child.  But this babe,her babe was the daughter of a great lord, the Master of Ships, niece of King Robert Baratheon himself, there would be no children so bold as to tease a Baratheon about her ears. 
She clutched her daughter closer as she heard the impatient footsteps of her husband approach the chamber, he’s come faster than she thought he would, it was when Stannis stops outside her door that Selyse realised she saw no sign of a stag or even a sea turtle upon their daughter.  She looks at the child again, it’s an insult worse than being a daughter.

He waited in the solar continuing with the business of Dragonstone, he was of no use to the women and the maester, they would tell him when it was time.  If the wind blew right he could hear her cries, it was taking so much longer this time and he found his concentration lapsing, made evident by the angry scratchings upon the accounts he was trying to manage.  Was it a good thing it was taking longer?  This babe though early was older than the others, but those times it was the babes that had not survived, he feared that perhaps this time his wife might not. 
The noise stopped, though the wind might have changed.  Stannis returned his focus the matters at hand only to find his hands covered in ink and his quill irredeemably broken.  He gets up to clean his hands at the basin provided, but he doesn’t return to his desk when he’s done, he leaves the solar and heads towards his lady’s chambers. 

Cressen says nothing as he sees the young Lord with his face so determined, he was on his way to tell him, he smiles knowing there is only one way for the father of the child to have known before him. 
“They are both well my lord” he says without the preamble he knows would be wasted on Stannis, “both my Lady and your daughter.”
Cressen watches closely catch the twitch of a smile that crosses his face, only to stay there.
They stop outside the door, when Stannis finally delivers his reply.
“Good.”

It happens that the daughter has inherited her mother’s ears with the Florent fox behind the left and her father’s strong jaw.  Her hair is black like her father’s, but not so coarse, it’s finer and she’s grateful for the joy she sees her mother have in stroking and combing her hair.  She likes her blue eyes too, the same as her father’s Cressen says, blue Baratheon eyes and black Baratheon hair, she is her father’s daughter the old Maester often says. 

Shireen had a stag of house Baratheon too, it covered her cheek in the colour of her skin.  As a babe Cressen told her once it was only visible when she cried or blushed to make her cheeks red, then it would stand out and be seen.  She wonders sometimes if that might’ve been better, though she is not one to cry often now or blush if she can help it, her birth mark might not be easy to see but she would know it was there nonetheless. 
There is little point in wondering though, childhood illness that should have left her dead left her with only a cheek marred by dying skin that cracked and peeled and made the hidden stag bright and obvious.  She had learnt over time it was no use to hide her cheek and the mark that graced it. 

She was Shireen Baratheon, survivor of greyscale, of the Northern Winter and the beasts that accompanied it and bringer of peace to the war torn lands of Westeros.
 Able and just it was the white stag across her marred cheek that showed the people who she was, more than any Queen’s crown ever could.

sábado, 26 de noviembre de 2016

WHAT EMILIA KNEW

25th of November - International Day Against Gender Violence
2016 - Fourth Centennial of Shakespeare

Sandra Dermark's contribution:

WHAT EMILIA KNEW


Ah, Your Ladyship, my sweet summer child,
at least you have understood
"how wonderful is the power of love,"
that men are all cowards
and we are the stronger sex...
The rain falls for all and the same grass is green
for the sergeant's wife and the warlord's,
for the mother of a stillborn and for a broken maiden...
Listen; I envied you before these days
because I once was just like you,
before reality set in...
and now, 'tis your own eyes that have been opened
and you have become like me,
stars turned to scars, kisses turned to pains,
spring flowers turned to autumn rains...
My sweet Lady Desdemona,
discarded like a broken doll
whose owner has grown weary...
at last you understand
what life is like,
what love is like...
and thus, come what may,
I by your side will stay,
giving my limbs, my blood, my heart,
even this senseless life I lead
for your sake.
Because you are my tether to hope.

miércoles, 23 de noviembre de 2016

KANSAI ACCENT ADAPTATION IN EUROPEAN LANGUAGES

Kansai-ben. Accent commonly associated with the Kansai region of Japan, the western half of Honshu Island. Since most anime is made in Tokyo (the accents sound different even if you can't understand them), this is usually very thick and exaggerated. It's also usually the first variation to pop up. The Kansai region generally consists of Osaka, Kyoto, Hyogo, Wakayama, Mie, Nara, and Shiga Prefectures, and sometimes the surrounding region (Fukui, Tokushima, and Tottori Prefectures). While the dialects generally get lumped together as Kansai-ben because of their general similarities, there are distinctions between them.
Osaka-ben (Osaka dialect) used to be the stereotypical villain accent until Osaka comedians performing with their accent became popular in the nineties. These days Osaka-ben is generally used to indicate a fun loving, impatient, loud, boisterous personality. (See also The Idiot from Osaka.) Osaka-ben speaking comedians are common in Real Life and in anime, and the Boke and Tsukkomi Routine, or owarai, has its roots there. Recall, for instance, the scene in Azumanga Daioh where Tomo learns that the new transfer student is going to be from Osaka, and wonders if she'll have an incredible tsukkomi. This comedy routine consists of the boke [funny guy], who generally says stupid things, and the tsukkomi [straight man], who corrects the boke though slapstick/physical devices, such as a rap on the head. Think Blackadder and Baldrick and you get the idea.
A few quick tips for catching a character speaking Kansai-ben:
  • More focus on the vowels than the consonants of the language. Single-syllable words get stretched out an extra beat, and the copula desu is pronounced in full rather than Tokyo's clipped "des". This also makes Kansai-accented English that much harder to understand to native English-speakers compared to Tokyo-accented English (loanwords are generally spelled with Tokyo pronunciation in mind, after all).
  • Pitch accent with a greater tonal range (sometimes described as "living" or "overly-emotional"), and often significantly different patterns from Standard.
  • If a female, look for the use of first-person pronoun uchi instead of atashi.
  • Replacement of desu or da with ya (or, in Kyoto-ben, dosu).
  • The use of the -hen ending, instead of -nai, as in wakarahen versus wakaranai (lit. "don't know").
  • The use of the -haru ending as an intermediate between plain style and the formal Keigo style.
  • -han instead of -san as an honorific.
  • The use of the wa sentence-final particle by all age and sex while it is used mainly by women in standard.
  • Using the word aho instead of baka ("idiot"; "silly"). The stereotype is that baka is a much more serious insult to a Kansai native, and is rarely used by one except in deadly earnest.
    • In real life, some dialects just have their own word for this.
  • Using the word akan instead of dame ("No way"). It is also used as -tara akan ("must not do") and -na akan ("must do").
  • Saying se ya naa instead of sou da ne OR sou da na' OR sou ne ("I know, right?"; "I agree."; "totally")
  • -taru (shortening of -te yaru) for -te ageru E.g., Yondaru ("I'll read it for you"). (In standard, using yaru in this way towards equals is an insult.)
  • Using meccha (not that mecha, the "ch" is soft like "Charles") instead of totemo as an intensifier. In specific Kansai dialects (Wakayama, Kobe, Osaka, etc.) words like gottsu (Osaka dialect) may be used. As traditional dialectal forms mutate or die off, some modern youth use forms such as sugee, which is Kanto/Tohoku pronunciation for sugoi.
  • Referring to the McDonald's fast-food chain as "Makudo", and regarding the term "Makku" exclusively as a computer brand connected to apples...
Oddly, Kansai is sometimes so strongly associated with certain personality traits that characters with those traits are given the accent even when they are not actually from the Kansai region, and would have no legitimate reason to have learned the accent. This includes foreigners/Westerners, who would more likely have learned "formal" Japanese, but are considered to have the brash, outspoken Osakan personalitynote thanks to the aforementioned stereotype, the Japanese consider "formal" Japanese being spoken by such characters as essentially out of character for the language. Similarly, the association between Kansai-ben and a specific character archetype is so strong, shows set in the region (but where the setting is not immediately relevant to the plot) may go out of their way to avoid giving the characters this dialect, even if it would technically be appropriate. (See The Melancholy of Haruhi Suzumiya for a show set in the heart of Kansai (in the suburbs of Kobe, to be precise), but where everyone speaks Standard Japanese.)
Depending on the country, preserving these dialects through translations and dubs can be tricky.
(An Accent Adaptation is when a translator substitutes dialect in their own language for one in the original work's language, making for a Woolseyism in some cases and Adaptation Decay in others, especially when the translated dialect doesn't have an equivalent in the original work.)

Regional accents used to adapt Kansai-ben in European languages.


  • The usual British equivalent is Cockney, though a Northern accent might represent the geographic and societal differences better than a dialect of the capital (Scouse may be even more appropriate, since it combines the gritty industrial image with a reputation for good humour). SANDRA RATES ADAPTATION: COCKNEY: ** SCOUSE: ***
  • Andalusian Spanish seems to be the Euro-Spanish version of this accent, since the region where the accent is spoken was traditionally a merchant region, similar to Osaka, during the times in which the Moors ruled Spain. Also, the Andalusian stereotype of being outspoken, passionate, and fun-loving fits to a tee. SANDRA RATES ADAPTATION: ANDALÚH: *****
  • In German-language translations, Northern German and Bavarian/Austrian German are the German answers to the dialect, both being stereotyped with the exact same traits as Kansai (see Andalusian/andalúh above). SANDRA RATES ADAPTATION: PLATTDÜÜTSCH: *** BOARISCH/ÖSTERREICHISCH: ***** Ruhrpott (from the industrial western region known for its uncultured stereotypes) would also fit Kansai-ben, wouldn't it?
  • In French translations, Marseillais accent is used to translate kansai. Le Kansai-ben est considéré au Japon comme un dialecte cool, chantant, légèrement familier, à l’image de ses habitants qui sont vus comme plus amicaux et moins formels que les Tokyoïtes. Une analogie peut être faite avec l’accent provençal en France, l’habitant d’Osaka ayant un peu l’image qu’a le Marseillais au sein de l’hexagone. En parlant des différences entre les habitants d'Osaka et ceux de Tokyo, j'avais lu quelque part qu'on pouvait comparer cette "rivalité" à celle que l'on a en France entre Paris et Marseille (en gros Paris = Tokyo et Marseille = Osaka) SANDRA RATES ADAPTATION: MARSEILLAIS: *****
  • In Russian translations the Odessa dialect, with its colorful accent and slightly unusual, Yiddish- and Greek-influenced grammar, seems to be gaining popularity as a stand-in. Which has additional cultural benefits, as Odessa always was a center of grain trade and Odessites have a reputation for an innate comedic talent, closely paralleling other Osakan stereotypes (see below).
  • In the Norwegian translation of the Samurai Deeper Kyo manga, Benitora's kansai accent was changed to a Bergen accent, with a note explaining this was a common way of rendering this accent in Norwegian translations. While this was hardly true, not having been done anywhere else but here, it worked so perfectly no one complained. 
  • In Swedish, he (Benitora, the same character) was given a Gothenburg accent, which worked very well. The Gothenburg area has got lots in common with Kansai in general and Osaka in particular when it comes to geographical location, rivalry with the capital on the east side of the country (Stockholm/Tokyo), industrial/commercial history, and personality stereotypes. SANDRA RATES ADAPTATION: GÖTEBORGSKA: *****
  • In the Polish translation of Cardcaptor Sakura, Kero-chan's heavy Kansai accent was adapted as Silesian accent, having similar connotations and sounding equally funny to a non-Silesian. SANDRA RATES ADAPTATION: SILESIAN ****
  • Though not a frequent sight now, older European Portuguese dubs would give Northern/Porto accents to seemingly random people, usually to someone who spoke in a Kansai accent originally or, for some reason, old people. Some others use the Alentejo accent for redneck characters. Variation: the dub of Captain Tsubasa gives Roberto a Brazilian accent and has him speak Brazilian Portuguese — which makes absolute sense, since he is from Brazil. SANDRA RATES ADAPTATION: PORTO: ****

Swedish reviewers of SDK say: 
"Kommer ihåg att en av karaktärerna, Benitora, i Samurai Deeper Kyo pratar göteborgska. Lite underligt men på något sätt så tycker jag att det är charmigt och anledningen gissar jag är för att peka ut det faktum att han egentligen pratar någon japansk dialekt i originalversionen."
"Men en annan jag tycker om är ju den röda tigern, hans göteborgska är ju Gööörskön!! ;)"

THE ANNOTATED WALTZING MATILDA

Once a jolly swagman camped by a billabong
  • Once - a single time
  • jolly - gay, but not in the same sense as that understood by the young men of Darlinghurst. (US readers subsitiute "San Francisco" or something similar in place of "Darlinghurst". Spanish readers substitute "Chueca".)
  • swagman - itinerant worker, called a swagman because of the "swag" normally carried by such persons. A swag comprises the worldly belongings of the swagman, wrapped in a blanket and formed into a back-pack. A swagman is also known as a "swaggie"
  • camped - made camp (nothing to to do with the behaviour of the Darlinghurst set)
  • billabong - oxbow lake formed when a meandering river cuts through its own course leaving a segment of the river isolated from the main stream
Under the shade of a coolibah tree
  • under - beneath. Implies that there is something above (this may be wishful thinking)
  • shade - half a pair of sunglasses
  • coolibah - type of eucalyptus tree which grows in some of Australia's wetlands
  • tree - a woody thing with leaves, which gets pissed upon by dogs
And he sang as he watched and waited 'till his billy boiled
  • and he - a distortion of the swagman's name (Andy)
  • sang - another distortion
  • watched - something the swaggie did while waiting
  • waited - something the swaggie did while watching
  • 'till - another distortion. Not to be confused with the money receptacle found at the checkout in most stores.
  • billy - a tin can with a lid, and a looped wire handle over the top. Used by denizens of the Australian outback as a cooking utensil primarily for the boiling of water to make tea
  • boiled - what happened to the water when it was heated to 100 degrees. (This effect is not so apparent in backward countries like the US, where the water must be heated to over 200 degrees before anything interesting happens because they use the Fahrenheit scale instead of the Celsius scale)
You'll come a-waltzing matilda with me
  • You'll - a distortion
  • come - no comment
  • waltzing - walking; the term used by swagmen to describe their means of travel
  • matilda - the name given by one particular swagman to his swag. Apparently the swaggie in question was a Dutchman who came to Australia after his wife, Matilda, had died. He adopted the swaggie's lifestyle, and named his swag in memory of his wife. Use of the name spread. (This is supposed to be a true story. Really.)
Waltzing matilda, waltzing matilda

You'll come a-waltzing matilda with me

And he sang as he watched and waited 'till his billy boiled

You'll come a-waltzing matilda with me
Down came a jumbuck to drink at the billabong
  • down - opposite of up (see next line of song)
  • jumbuck - a sheep, specifically a young ram
  • drink - to swallow water or other liquid, to imbibe alcoholic beverages (the latter being somewhat unlikely behaviour for a sheep, so water is assumed - this assumption may not be correct however, since it is said "to drink at" as opposed to "from")
Up jumped the swagman and grabbed him with glee
  • up - opposite of down (see previous line of song)
  • jumped - to have performed a jump or leap, or in this case probably just standing up briskly.
  • grabbed - seized suddenly, snached
  • glee - Matilda had been dead for quite some time
And he sang as he shoved that jumbuck in his tucker-bag
  • shoved - pushed, stuffed, packed. Presumably after skinning and gutting
  • tucker - food, hence "tucker-bag"
  • bag - sack, usually made of hessian. The term also refers to a woman of similar appearance (to the hessian bag, not the sheep.)
You'll come a-waltzing matilda with me
Down came the squatter mounted on his thoroughbred
  • squatter - a landholder through occupancy rather than purchase
  • mounted - sitting upon (we hope this is not a reference to the Darlinghurst types mentioned at the beginning)
  • thoroughbred - a breed of horse. Not much use in the Australian bush or as a farm horse, but probably ridden by the squatter as a symbol of wealth. A similar phenomenon may be observed in Sydney, where one can see the odd yuppie driving his Ferrari over the Harbour Bridge in the peak-hour.
Down came the troopers, one, two, three
  • trooper - outback policeman
  • one, two, three - just to show that the swaggie could count
Where's that jolly jumbuck you've got in your tucker-bag
  • a singularly redundant question
You'll come a-waltzing matilda with me
  • waltzing - a dance performed by sheep stealers whilst suspended from a gibbet by a rope
Waltzing matilda ... (etc)

Up jumped the swagman and jumped into the billabong
  • jumped(1) - (see previous definition)
  • jumped(2) - in this case probably more of a misguided leap, especially when one considers the ending to the song
You'll never take me alive said he
  • alive - what the sheep isn't
Now his ghost may be heard as you pass by that billabong

You'll come a-waltzing matilda with me.
THE SILLY BASTARD COULDN'T SWIM !

I hope this helps those who would otherwise never have been able to decode this song.