I immediately fell for Dorne. And Altavia. And for at least the council of Aritsar... for all of those cultures due to what TV Tropes calls "Gender Is No Object;" in these country-esque, hinterlandish, quaint fantasy lands there are -paradoxally- completely equal opportunities regardless of gender or sexual orientation.
This can be a Justified Trope, especially in futuristic settings where advances in technology have made physical differences like gender more or less irrelevant for soldiers. In medieval or early modern or gaslamp fantasy settings, authors may introduce some form of safe, reliable Fantasy Contraception, or the existence of inborn magic powers can be portrayed as making differences in size and strength less relevant, or there may be other social pressures encouraging gender equality (although all of these may or may not be convincing, depending on how well they're handled). Perhaps an abundant lifestyle permits more egalitarian views, if a territorial state has enough resources and is at peace. If the setting is not Earth and/or the characters are not normal humans, they may just have less sexual dimorphism. On the other hand, there are also plenty of cases of lazy or thoughtless worldbuilding, as well as cases where the author simply felt they needed no justification beyond Rule of Cool.
There are a wide variety of possible reasons for this. Sometimes it's pure Author Appeal: the author thinks thinks this setting is simply more awesome. Sometimes it's an Author Tract (or, in the best case scenario, a case of Some Anvils Need to Be Dropped), with the author trying to make a point about how gender restrictions are bad.
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